Core Concepts

Concept pages covering the Agent Gateway’s architecture, protocols, identity model, access control, and federation.

Agentic workflows operate without a shared trust foundation across systems and organisations. The Agent Gateway provides that shared foundation: agent identity, scope management, and observability configured once and applied consistently. Your deployment gets a consistent, auditable governance layer from day one. Architecture →

The Agent Gateway is part of the Affinidi Trust Fabric, a suite of products for decentralised identity management, scope governance, and trust in agentic AI systems.

Deploy AI with confidence

Understand the routing primitives and the capabilities that make every LLM deployment safe, cost-accountable, and observable.

ConceptWhat it explains
ArchitectureHow the gateway’s internal components fit together and how traffic flows through them.
SurfacesHow developers visually design and manage agent interaction flows across protocols through a protocol-agnostic surface model.
Surface routing modelHow Access Points, Targets, Transit Points, and Listeners define inbound and outbound traffic for one managed agent surface.
PaymentsHow x402 and MPP payment policies enforce paid access, verification, and settlement before protected requests are forwarded.
DashboardWhat the management dashboard shows, how to read its charts, and how to drill down from gateway-wide metrics to individual surfaces.
ObservabilityHow the gateway produces distributed traces, metrics, and logs for every request, what each in-dashboard monitoring tool shows, how to export telemetry to an OTLP-compatible backend, and how event notifications push alerts to external systems.

Make your agent enterprise-ready

Understand how every inbound agent receives a verified identity, how scope is applied, and how trust is delegated and audited across A2A workflows.

ConceptWhat it explains
Agent identity and DIDsHow the gateway derives a deterministic Decentralised Identifier (DID) for each unique agent configuration.
CredentialsHow the gateway stores and uses outbound delegated credentials to authenticate external calls on behalf of agents and users.
SecretsHow the gateway centralizes sensitive values in an encrypted store and applies rotation or revocation everywhere they are referenced.
Caller context bindingHow the gateway binds authenticated caller identity, generated agent identity, and request intent into a verifiable presentation that propagates through tool calls and audit logs.
OPA policiesHow the gateway uses Open Policy Agent (OPA) and the Rego language for layered, declarative access control at the gateway, surface, and agent trust levels.

Build an ecosystem of agents

Understand how agent identities are portable across systems, how gateways federate across organisational boundaries, and how Gateway Connection routes traffic at ecosystem scale.

ConceptWhat it explains
GatewaysHow gateway instances connect over encrypted tunnels and how Gateway Connection routes traffic across boundaries.
Workload bindingHow the gateway attests the original caller’s identity in a signed VP that receiving gateways can verify and enforce policy against.
Caller context bindingHow the gateway scopes per-caller delegated credentials so each caller’s tokens remain isolated on a shared surface.
Trust registriesHow the gateway verifies agent credentials against an external trust registry and injects trust data into OPA policy evaluation.

Connections

Understand how trust and routing relationships are established across organisations and systems.

ConceptWhat it explains
Trust registriesHow the gateway verifies agent credentials against an external trust registry, and how trust registry data is injected into OPA policy evaluation.
GatewaysHow gateway instances are identified, how they connect to each other, and how Gateway Connection routes traffic across boundaries.

Use cases

Concrete scenarios that show how the gateway’s capabilities combine to address real operational and integration challenges.

Use caseWhat it covers
Multi-client authenticationAssign isolated credentials per client, partner, or application and enforce route-level access control.
Your telemetry, your controlExport logs and metrics using OTLP-compatible pipelines to your preferred observability stack.
Deployment on your own termsRun the gateway on-premises, in hosted infrastructure, or in air-gapped environments based on compliance posture.
Powering the MCP ecosystemEnable agents to discover and retrieve tools dynamically via linked gateways or direct connections.
Private network connectivityRoute agent traffic to internal systems without exposing endpoints to the public internet.

Protocols

The gateway implements these open standard protocols. Not all are inbound surface protocols. DIDComm is the G2G federation transport and x402 is the payment layer.

ConceptUsed inWhat it explains
A2ASurfacesGoogle Agent-to-Agent protocol: structured task execution between agents.
MCPSurfacesModel Context Protocol: tool, resource, and prompt serving for AI models.
AP2SurfacesAgent Payments Protocol: AI-driven payments with verifiable credential transformation.
DIDCommGateway federation (G2G)End-to-end encrypted messaging transport used for gateway-to-gateway federation.
x402Surface policyHTTP-native payment protocol enabling on-chain micropayments between agents.